HVAC efficiency through air filtration, maintenance, and UVGI innovations

Discovering cutting-edge HVAC advancements, Himanshu Agarwal, Director, Magneto CleanTech, shares the impactful air filtration technologies, frequently used filter types, maintenance guidelines, energy-efficient air curtains, and evolving trends in integrating UVGI air purification technology.

What innovative air filtration technologies are currently accessible and impactful?
There are two categories of air filtration: mechanical, which primarily uses filtering media, and electronic, which is powered by electricity. The most recent advancements include low-pressure, anti-microbial mechanical filters and filterless magnetic, electronic filters designed to handle ultrafine particles (PM 1.0) while also having anti-microbial features.

What are the frequently employed air filter variations in HVAC, and what are their applications and efficiency ratings?
The most commonly used filters are of the media type, formerly categorised under EN 779, which has now been updated to the newer ISO 16890 standard. These filters are also rated using MERV or HEPA standards. For typical uses, MERV 8 is sufficient, while MERV 14 is needed to maintain clean air to control PM 2.5. In highly sensitive clean room environments, HEPA filters are employed. In contrast, the Electronic class is suitable for low-pressure drop and non-recurring applications, especially for retrofitting scenarios involving PM 2.5 and Bio Aerosol reduction.

What are the suggested rules for maintaining and changing air filters in HVAC for peak performance and efficiency?
Regular replacement, as specified by the manufacturer, depending on the application, is necessary for mechanical air filtration. Washing is not advised for media-based filters. On the other hand, electronic air filters must undergo dry and wet cleaning based on geographical location and the standards the manufacturer sets.

How does an air curtain in HVAC enhance energy efficiency and comfort while serving its purpose?
Air curtains solely generate positive high pressure and have restricted effectiveness. The unseen air barrier is a deterrent for insects and larger dust particles at the entrance of a building. Its efficacy is most pronounced when doors are frequently opened and closed. Yet, an improper installation can lead to air leakage and reduced air conditioning efficiency.

What developments are occurring in integrating UVGI air purification tech into HVAC systems?
 The HVAC industry recognises the crucial need to address Bio Burden risks. UVC technology is being incorporated during the design phase across various air distribution units, ranging from TFA and AHU to FCU and Cassette units and even split units. Additionally, the emergence of LED UVC is introducing a new product option. However, its application for high-dosage HVAC purposes is still in its early stages.